| 摘要: |
| 为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况，2022年，笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定，然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林，多重耐药菌占44%；肠球菌耐药情况较严重，粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑，屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素，二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上，北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻，且多重耐药现象突出，需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。 |
| 关键词: 宠物源 北京市；大肠杆菌 肠球菌 耐药性 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-31修订日期：2024-03-11 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划2022YFD1800405；中国兽医药品监察所兽药行业公益性重点专项GY202108 |
|
| A brief analysis of antimicrobial resistance monitoring of pet-derived bacteria in Beijing in 2022 |
|
| (China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control) |
| Abstract: |
| To understand the Antimicrobial resistance of pet-derived bacteria in beijing, the anal swabs of 50 samples of dogs and cats from four pet hospitals in Beijing were investigated in 2022. The Escherichia coli and Enterococcus were first isolated and identified by mass spectrometer, and then, the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of the isolated bacteria was analyzed by microbroth dilution method. Results showed that 25 strains of Escherichia coli and 25 strains of Enterococcus ( 14 strains of Enterococcus faecium and 11 strains of Enterococcus faecalis ) were isolated. The two antibiotics with the highest antimicrobial resistance rate of Escherichia coli were tetracycline and ampicillin, and multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria accounted for 44 %. The highest antimicrobial resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis was sulfisoxazole, and the highest antimicrobial resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium was sulfisoxazole, cefoxitin and erythromycin. Multi-antibiotic resistant strains accounted for 100 % of the total number of isolates. In summary, the problem of antimicrobial resistance of pet-derived Escherichia coli and enterococci in Beijing is relatively serious, indicating that the supervision and management of the use of pet antimicrobials need to be further strengthened. |
| Key words: Pet-derived Beijing Escherichia coli Enterococcus Antimicrobial resistance |
