犬特应性皮炎及其治疗药物的研究进展

Research progress of canine atopic dermatitis and its therapeutic drugs

关键词:  犬特应性皮炎  临床症状  诊断  治疗

Key words:  canine atopic dermatitis  clinical symptoms  diagnosis  treatment

摘要:

犬特应性皮炎是一种具有遗传倾向的过敏性皮肤病。由于近年来我国养犬数量不断增加，犬特应性皮炎成为宠物临床上的常见疾病，严重危害了宠物犬的身体健康。该病病因复杂，大致可概括为遗传因素、环境因素、皮肤屏障功能失调、免疫功能失调和微生物菌群失调五个方面，且由于其临床症状与其他过敏反应、炎症反应相似，难以确诊，需要通过多种临床反应共同判定。随着小动物诊疗的不断发展，犬特应性皮炎治疗在以往基础疗法上又增加了使用抗炎止痒药物、JAK通路抑制药物、生物制品药物和PED-4 选择性抑制剂等治疗方式。本文综述了近年来犬特应性皮炎的病因、临床症状、诊断方法和治疗方法方面的研究进展，以期为犬特应性皮炎的治疗提供借鉴和参考。

Abstract:

Canine atopic dermatitis is an allergic skin disease with a genetic predisposition. Due to the increasing number of dogs in China in recent years, canine atopic dermatitis has become a common disease in pet clinic, which seriously endangers the health of dogs. In addition, the pathogenesis of this disease is complex, which can be roughly summarized into five aspects: genetic factors, environmental factors, skin barrier dysfunction, immune dysfunction and microbial flora dysfunction. Moreover, because its clinical symptoms are similar to other allergic reactions and inflammatory reactions, it is difficult to diagnose, and it needs to be judged by a variety of clinical reactions. In recent years, with the continuous development of the diagnosis and treatment of small animals, the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis has increased the use of anti-inflammatory antiitch drugs, JAK pathway inhibitors, biomass drugs and PED-4 selective inhibitors on the basis of previous basic therapies. In this paper, the etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment methods of canine atopic dermatitis were reviewed for providing reference for the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis in the future.