犬细小病毒灭活疫苗的制备及免疫效果观察

Immune Effect of Canine Parvovirus Inactivated Vaccine

关键词:  犬细小病毒  灭活疫苗  免疫效果  血球凝集抑制试验

Key words:  Canine Parvovirus  Inactivated Vaccine  Immune Effect  Hemagglutination Inhibition Test

摘要:

以新分离的两种不同亚型CPV为毒种制备浓缩灭活苗和未浓缩灭活苗，通过与商品化弱毒苗的比较评价灭活疫苗的免疫效果。将CPV-S5（New CPV-2a）与CPV-1401（New CPV-2b）毒株扩大培养后浓缩灭活，制备了两种浓缩与两种未浓缩水溶剂灭活疫苗；将灭活疫苗和商品化二联弱毒苗分别接种5周龄HI阴性幼犬，分别在免疫后7 d、14 d、21 d、28 d测定HI抗体效价；首免36 d后取其中4只犬二免，其他犬进行攻毒。结果显示，各免疫组在第7天HI均高于1∶80，浓缩组显著高于未浓缩组，初步表明CPV灭活苗效果与抗原的浓度有直接的关系；灭活疫苗组与商品化弱毒苗组均差异显著；免疫组的犬均存活，而HI阴性犬死亡，经检测死亡犬CPV为阳性，表明制备的CPV灭活苗产生的特异性免疫应答均能抵抗强毒的攻击，对犬起到良好的免疫保护；二免后其HI抗体效价极显著提高，有效抗体能维持5个月，更有效的对免疫犬群进行保护。

Abstract:

To evaluate the immune effect of inactivated vaccine prepared with two different subtypes canine parvovirus strains, and to observe the relationship between the CPV concentration and non-concentrated inactivated vaccine and commercial two attenuated vaccine. The CPV-S5(New cpv-2a)and CPV-1401(New cpv-2b)strains were cultured in cells, and then was concentrated and inactivated. Two kinds of inactivated vaccine were prepared, one with concentrated virus and another non-concentrated virus. The aqueous solvent inactivated vaccines and two commercial attenuated vaccine were inoculated to 5 weeks old hemagglutination inhibition (HI) negative puppies respectively. At 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d the blood was collected and HI antibody titer were determined post-immunization. At 36d after the first immune, another four dogs were boosted one time. The other dogs were challenged with the virulent CPV. The result showed the HI antibody of the immuned groups was higher than 1∶80 at 7 d, and concentrated virus group was significantly higher than non-concentrated virus group. The HI titers were significantly different during the groups with inactivated vaccine and commercial attenuated vaccine. The immuned dogs still lived until the end, but HI negative dogs died. CPV can be isolated from the dead dogs, which suggested that the specific immune response induced by the CPV inactivated vaccine could resist the virulent attack, and it had a good immune protection to the canines. After second immunization the HI antibody titer significantly increased and the effective antibody can last five months.