奶牛源葡萄球菌对大环内酯类抗生素耐药机制及大环内酯类创新药物的研发进展

Mechanism of resistance of milk-derived Staphylococcus to macrolides and progress of research and development of innovative macrolide drugs

关键词:  奶牛乳房炎  葡萄球菌  大环内酯类抗生素  耐药机制  新药研发

Key words:  Bovine mastitis  Staphylococcus  Macrolides  Resistance mechanism  Drug development

摘要:

葡萄球菌感染所诱发的奶牛乳房炎，是奶牛养殖业中一种常见的分泌机能障碍性疾病。大环内酯类抗生素常用于治疗革兰氏阳性（G+）菌感染引起的炎症，不合理使用药物导致葡萄球菌对该类药物的耐药性不断增加。本文整理了当前葡萄球菌对大环内酯类抗生素耐药现状，并深入分析了耐药机制，包括靶位突变、基因修饰等方面；对新型大环内酯类抗生素及抗菌增效剂的研发方法、要点及当前进展作了重点综述，以期为相关研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Mastitis induced by staphylococcal infection in dairy cows is a common secretory dysfunction disease in dairy farming. Staphylococcal resistance to macrolide antibiotics, which are commonly used to treat inflammation caused by Gram-positive (G+) bacterial infections, is increasing due to irrational use of drugs. In this review, we summarized the current status of Staphylococcal macrolide-resistance and analyzed the mechanisms of macrolide-resistance, including target mutation, gene modification, etc. And in this paper, the research and development methods, key points and current progress of new macrolide antibiotics and antibacterial synergists are reviewed in order to provide reference for related research.