青脚麻鸡生长周期中粪肠球菌耐药性浅析

Analysis of Drug Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis During the Growth Cycle of Partridge Shank Chickens

关键词:  青脚麻鸡  生长周期  粪肠球菌  耐药性

Key words:  Partridge shank chickens  growth cycle  Enterococcus faecalis  antibiotic resistance

摘要:

为了解青脚麻鸡源粪肠球菌在整个肉鸡养殖生长周期中耐药性变化情况，选取浙江台州某肉鸡场同一批次青脚麻鸡，自1日龄起每10天随机挑取20羽，采集泄殖腔拭子，分离鉴定粪肠球菌，采用微量肉汤稀释法对10大类19种抗菌药物进行药敏监测。结果表明：该批次肉鸡生长周期中鸡源粪肠球菌对12种抗菌药物表现高水平耐药，以β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和四环素类抗菌药物为主，其中7种药物耐药率维持在100%，并发现1日龄雏鸡源粪肠球菌已对9种药物表现出完全耐药（100%）；对恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑耐药率在生长周期中存在较大波动，总体表现为1~50日龄逐渐上升，氧氟沙星耐药率在50日龄达到100%，随后迅速回归至较低水平；对青霉素、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药率维持低水平运行。整体而言，该养殖场肉鸡源粪肠球菌的耐药情况十分严重，多重耐药率为100%，肉鸡生长周期中粪肠球菌对大部分药物的耐药率维持高位，少数药物的耐药率变化与养殖场临床用药呈正相关关系，本研究可为加强临床科学用药指导和耐药传播机制研究提供参考。

Abstract:

In order to understand the change of drug resistance of Enterococcus faecalis derived from Partridge Shank Chickens in the whole growth cycle of broiler breeding, the same batch of Partridge Shank Chickens was selected in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province. 20 chickens were randomly selected every 10 days to collect the cloacal swabs since the 1-day-old chicks. Enterococcus faecalis was isolated and identified from the cloaca swabs. The micro broth dilution method was used to test the susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis for 19 antibiotics of 10 categories. The results showed that chicken derived Enterococcus faecalis showed high drug resistance rate to 12 antibacterial drugs during the growth cycle of broilers, mainly β-lactam, macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics, and 7 kinds of them was maintained at 100%. In addition, 1-day-old chicks derived Enterococcus faecalis were found to be completely resistant to 9 antibacterial drugs(100%) The resistance rate to enrofloxacin, ofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole fluctuated greatly during the growth cycle, which gradually increased from 1d to 50d, and then quickly returned to a lower level. The resistance rate of ofloxacin reached 100% at 50d. The resistance rate of penicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, vancomycin and linezolid remained at a low level. On the whole, the drug resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from broilers in this farm is very serious, and the multiple drug resistance rate is 100%. During the growth cycle of broiler, the drug resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis to most drugs remained high, and the changes of a few drugs is positively correlated with the clinical medication in farms. This study can provide reference for strengthening the clinical drug use guidance and drug resistance transmission mechanism research.