微生物实验室活动中病原外溢风险分析

Risk Analysis of Pathogen Spillover in Microbial Laboratory Activities

关键词:  微生物实验室  生物安全  废弃物处理  病原  外溢风险

Key words:  microbiology laboratory  biosafety  waste disposal  pathogenic  spillover risk

摘要:

微生物实验室是进行微生物学研究的重要场所，其建设、使用、运维旨在保护研究人员、环境和社会公众免受潜在生物危害的影响。随着《中华人民共和国生物安全法》的颁布实施，微生物实验室的生物安全管理越来越受到各方重视。在实验室活动中，病原外溢风险是一个备受关注的问题，其重要性不可忽视。围绕微生物实验室常见实验活动，通过存在病原外溢风险的案例分析及风险警示，从实验室设计和建造、实验室安全设施、个人防护和规范操作、废弃物处理和实验器材管理、实验室风险评估、环境监测和应急预案几个方面进行探讨，为有效避免微生物实验室病原外溢提供参考。

Abstract:

Microbial laboratories are important places for conducting microbiological research, and their establishment, construction, use, and operation are aimed at protecting researchers, the environment, and the general public from potential biological hazards. With the promulgation and implementation of the Biosafety Law of the People''s Republic of China, the biosafety management of microbiological laboratories is receiving increasing attention from all parties of our society. In laboratory activities, the risk of pathogenic spillover is a highly concerned issue, and its importance cannot be ignored. In order to provide reference for avoiding the overflow of pathogenic in microbiology laboratories, according to case analysis and risk warnings of overflow risks of the common experimental activities in microbiology laboratories, the article disscuss several aspects such as laboratory design and construction, laboratory safety facilities, personal protection and standardized operation, waste treatment and laboratory equipment management, laboratory risk assessment, environmental monitoring, and emergency plans.