吉林省长春市城乡活禽市场H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的检测与分子遗传进化分析

Detection and molecular genetic evolutionary analysis of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus in urban and rural live poultry markets in Changchun City, Jilin Province

关键词:  H9N2亚型禽流感病毒  城乡活禽市场  系统发育分析  疫病防控

Key words:  H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus  Urban and rural live poultry markets  Phylogenetic analysis  Epidemic disease prevention and control

摘要:

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒（Avian influenza virus，AIV）通过为其它流感病毒提供内部基因或直接跨越种间屏障感染人，而活禽市场是H9N2亚型AIV传播的主要传播途径之一。为了解吉林省长春地区城乡活禽市场H9 N2亚型AIV流行特点和趋势，对2021年9月至 2023年4月在4 个城乡活禽市场分离到3株代表性H9N2亚型AIV进行了分子遗传进化分析。结果显示3株毒株HA蛋白裂解位点均为PSKSSR↓GLF，其受体结合位点的第226 位氨基酸由Q突变为L，可与 α,２-６唾液酸受体结合，具有感染人的特性。分子遗传进化分析显示3株毒株的HA基因归属于BJ-94 谱系中h9.4.2.5亚分支；NA基因归属Y280谱系；PB2、M 基因均属于G1谱系；剩余内部基因均属于F-98谱系。研究结论丰富当前国内H9 N2亚型AIV的流行病学研究，提示需加强病毒变异监控和新疫苗研发。

Abstract:

H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) infects humans by providing internal genes for other influenza viruses or directly crossing the interspecific barrier. However, the live poultry market is one of the main transmission routes of H9 N2 subtype AIV. In order to understand the epidemic characteristics and trend of H9 N2 subtype AIV in urban and rural live poultry markets in Changchun, Jilin Province, three representative strains of H9 N2 subtype AIV were isolated from four urban and rural live poultry markets from September 2021 to April 2023. The results showed that the cleavage site of HA protein of all three strains was PSKSSR↓GLF, and the amino acid 226 of the receptor binding site was mutated from Q to L, which could bind to the α,2-6 salivary acid receptor, and had the characteristic of infecting human beings.Molecular genetic evolution analysis showed that the HA genes of the three strains belonged to the subbranch of h9.4.2.5 in the BJ-94 lineage, NA genes belonged to Y280 lineage, PB2 and M genes belonged to G1 lineage, and the remaining internal genes belonged to F-98 lineage. The results of this study enrich the current epidemiological studies of H9 N2 subtype AIV in China, and suggest the need to strengthen the monitoring of virus variation and the development of new vaccines.