醇质体在兽用药物经皮给药中的研究进展

Research Progress of Ethosomes in Transdermal Delivery of Veterinary Drugs

关键词:  兽药  经皮递送  传递系统  醇质体  透皮机制

Key words:  veterinary drugs  transdermal delivery  delivery systems  ethosomes  transdermal mechanism

摘要:

经皮给药具有能够避免肝脏的首过效应、有效延长药物释放时间和减少动物应激等优点，可实现局部和全身治疗效果。而角质层作为皮肤的最外层，是影响药物向皮肤渗透的主要屏障。醇质体作为一种纳米递送载体，能够有效改善药物的经皮渗透效果，且制备工艺简便、关键组分（短链醇、磷脂和水）价廉易得、对人员专业素养及设备要求低，是兽医临床上极具应用前景的经皮递送系统。本文总结了醇质体的特性、组成和制备方法，并对醇质体在动物临床用药中的研究及其经皮渗透机制进行了概述，以期为高效经皮递送兽药产品的开发提供理论基础。

Abstract:

Transdermal drug delivery possesses the advantages of reducing the first-pass effect of the liver, prolonging the drug release time and reducing animal stress, and the ability to achieve local and systemic therapeutic effects. As the outer layer of the surface skin, the stratum corneum is the main barrier that affects the penetration of drugs into the deep skin. Ethosomes, a kind of nano delivery carrier, are able to effectively enhance the transdermal permeation of drugs. Importantly, the preparation methods of ethosomes are simple, the key components (short-chain alcohols, phospholipids and water) of ethosomes are cheap and easy to obtain, and the requirements on staff’s technicality and equipment are low. As a reminder, the ethosomes possess great application prospects in the veterinary clinic. To provide the theoretical basis for the development of efficient transdermal products of veterinary drugs, in the current review, the characteristic, composition and preparation methods of ethosomes were comprehensively summarized, and then the recently studies of ethosomes in veterinary drugs as well as the transdermal mechanism were discussed in detail.