多肽类抗生素的环境安全性评价研究进展

Safety evaluation of polypeptide antibiotics in environment

关键词:  多肽类抗生素  环境行为  生态效应评估  抗性基因  去除

Key words:  polypeptide antibiotics  environmental behavior  ecological effect assessment  resistance gene  remove

摘要:

多肽类抗生素(AMPs)是目前国内应用较广泛的抗生素种类之一。该类化合物不易被生物体吸收,多数以原形形式随粪便和尿液排出体外,可能会对环境和人类健康造成严重危害。本文综述了环境中AMPs的暴露情况及检测方法,揭示了其在环境中的迁移转化、降解特性及生态效应,同时介绍了其耐药菌和抗性基因的产生和去除技术,分析了该类抗生素环境安全性研究的发展趋势,提出AMPs的环境行为和生态效应研究应从多药联合使用方面及发生机理等进一步深入,未来应开发出更有效地AMPs抗性基因去除技术。本文为全面评估AMPs的环境安全性及有效避免或降低该类抗生素耐药性及抗性基因(ARGs)的传播提供科学依据。

Abstract:

Peptide antibiotics (AMPs) are one of the more widely used classes of antibiotics in China. These compounds are not easy to be absorbed by organisms, and most of them are excreted in their original form with feces and urine, which may cause serious harm to the environment and human health. In this review, we summarize the exposure to and detection of AMPs in the environment and reveal their migratory conversion, degradation characteristics and ecological effects. Meanwhile, its resistant bacteria and resistance gene generation and removal techniques are introduced, and the development trend of environmental safety research for this class of antibiotics is analyzed. It is proposed that the study of environmental behavior and ecological effects of AMPs should be further in-depth from the aspect of multidrug combination use and the occurrence mechanism, etc., and more effective amps resistance gene removal techniques should be developed in the future. This paper provides a scientific basis to comprehensively evaluate the environmental safety of AMPs and the effective avoidance or reduction of antibiotic resistance and dissemination of resistance genes (ARGs) in this class.