新型动物疫苗佐剂的研究进展

Research progress of new animal vaccine adjuvants

关键词:  铝盐佐剂  兽用疫苗  油乳佐剂  天然佐剂  蜂胶佐剂

Key words:  aluminum adjuvant  animal vaccine  oil-in-water adjuvant  natural adjuvant  propolis adjuvant

摘要:

疫苗佐剂是使疫苗免疫原性充分发挥的工具，目前动物疫苗佐剂主要以铝盐佐剂和油乳佐剂为主。近年来基因重组疫苗和亚单位疫苗发展迅猛，而这些新型疫苗与传统疫苗相比免疫原性较弱，这就对佐剂提出了更高的要求。当前针对佐剂的研究层出不穷，部分佐剂如MF59、AS01、AS03等已经在人用疫苗中成功应用，但应用于动物疫苗还有技术难题需要攻破。蜂胶佐剂目前在动物疫苗中应用较广，且已经占有了一定的市场份额。为充分比较现有新型疫苗佐剂的优缺点，为后续疫苗佐剂的研究提供参考，就目前广泛研究的新型动物疫苗佐剂进行综述。

Abstract:

Vaccine adjuvant is a tool to give full play to the immunogenicity of vaccine. At present, most commonly used animal vaccine adjuvants are aluminum adjuvants and oil emulsion adjuvants. However, there is a rapid development in gene recombination vaccines and subunit vaccines in recent years. Compared with traditional vaccines, these new vaccines have weaker immunogenicity, which require more effective adjuvants. In current, there are many researches on adjuvant. Some adjuvants, such as MF59, AS01, AS03, have been successfully applied in human vaccines, but there are still some technical problems to be solved in animal vaccines. Propolis adjuvant is widely used in animal vaccines at present, and has occupied a certain market share. In order to fully compare the advantages and disadvantages of the existing new vaccine adjuvants and provide reference for the subsequent research of vaccine adjuvants, the new animal vaccine adjuvants that widely studied at present are reviewed.