2017年我国猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

Isolation, Identification and Drug Resistance of Pasteurella multocida in Chinese Pigs in 2017

关键词:  多杀性巴氏杆菌  分离鉴定  流行情况  耐药性

Key words:  Pasteurella multocida, isolation and identification, prevalence, drug resistance

摘要:

为了解2017年我国猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌（Pasteurella multocida, Pm）的流行情况及其耐药情况，利用细菌分离培养和PCR方法分离鉴定Pm，对其荚膜血清型、地区分布和感染方式进行调查，并采用纸片法测定分离株对20种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果显示，从全国6288份临床病料中分离并鉴定出236株Pm，总分离率为3.75%。随机选取55株进行血清型分型，其中A型25株，D型27株，F型1株，未定型2株；分离率最高的省份为广东省（4.97%），其次是河南省（3.69%）和湖北省（3.25%）；感染模式中，Pm单纯感染占比42.80%，混合感染占比57.2%，最常与链球菌和副猪嗜血杆菌共感染，比例分别为28.81%和12.29%。耐药性试验显示，Pm对强力霉素的耐药率高达83.64%，对卡那霉素、庆大霉素、链霉素和阿米卡星等氨基糖苷类药物的耐药率为43.64%～52.73%，对多粘菌素B和氧氟沙星最敏感（耐药率均为1.82%）。本研究表明我国猪群中Pm流行的主要血清型仍然是A型和D型，临床上Pm与其他细菌发生混合感染的情况普遍存在，并且对多种抗生素产生了耐药性。

Abstract:

To investigate the prevalence and the drug resistance of porcine Pasteurella multocida (Pm) in China in 2017, Pm was isolated and identified by bacterial isolation culture and PCR method. The capsule?serotype, the regional distribution and the infection pattern were also investigated. The susceptibility of the isolates to 20 kinds of antimicrobial agents was determined by disk method. 236 strains of Pm were isolated and identified from 6288 clinical samples collected in China with the total isolation rate of 3.75%. 55 isolates were randomly selected for serotyping, including 25 serotype A strains, 27 serotype D strains, 1 serotype F strain, and 2 untyped strains. Among different provinces, Guangdong possessed the highest isolation rate (4.97%) followed by Henan (3.69%) and Hubei (3.25%). The proportion of simple infection and co-infection were 42.80% and 57.2%, respectively. The most common co-infectious bacteria were Streptococcus (28.81%) and Haemophilus parasuis (12.29%). The resistance rate of Pm to doxymycin was the highest (83.64%). The resistance rates to kanamycin, gentamycin, streptomycin and amikacin were 43.64% ~ 52.73%. Pm was mostly sensitive to polypeptide B and ofloxacin (both with the resistance rate of 1.82%). This study suggests that the main serotypes of Pm prevelent in pig herds in China are still serotypes A and D. The co-infections of Pm with other bacteria are clinically common and Pm is resistant to many antibiotics.