艾草的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

The phytochemistry and pharmacology of Artemisia argyi: A review

关键词:  艾草  化学成分  提取方法  药理作用  应用

Key words:  Artemisia argyi  Phytochemistry  Extraction methods  Pharmacology  application

摘要:

艾草为我国传统的中草药，其应用在我国有着悠久的历史和广泛的影响。早在明代李时珍的《本草纲目》中就有记载，称其为“草医”。对艾草的理化性质、提取方法、主要的化学成分、药理学作用和应用进行国内外文献研究总结。艾草主要的化学成分为挥发油类、黄酮类和糖类，具有抑菌、抗虫、抗氧化和提高动物生产性能的作用，开发出了具有抑菌、增强免疫力等功效的产品。基于目前的文献研究，提出仍需深入研究艾草调控的信号转导通路、艾草的药物代谢动力学参数、艾草的安全性评价以及药物间的相互作用等。该综述以期为艾草的药理机制研究和提高艾草的应用价值提供全面的数据支撑。

Abstract:

Artemisia argyi is our traditional herbal medicine, has a centuries old history and widespread influence. It was called “Grass diamond” by Shizhen Li. The accessible literature on Artemisia argyi written in English and Chinese were collected and analyzed. The literatures included physicochemical property, extraction methods, phytochemistry, pharmacology and application that included in NCBI and NCKI. The major extraction methods were decocting, ultrasonic assisted, cold-press, Subcritical extraction and supercritical extraction. The major components were essential oil, flavonoid and polysaccharide. Modern pharmacological studies demonstrated that Artemisia argyi possess wide pharmacological activities that include antimicrobial, insecticidal and antioxidant. Based on the literatures research, the mechanism of signal path were not very clear, further pharmacokinetics, safety assessments and herb-drug/food interaction should be performed before it can be integrated into medicinal.