血清4型禽腺病毒研究进展

The Development of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

关键词:  4型禽腺病毒,流行,诊断,疫苗

Key words:  FAdV-4  epidemiology  diagnoise  vaccine

摘要:

近年来，血清4型禽腺病毒（FAdV-4）在我国爆发，造成家禽行业严重的经济损失。病毒感染引起死亡率高，临床剖检可见明显的心包积液综合征的症状。病毒极具传染性，可垂直及水平传播，通过受感染肝脏组织匀浆可以分离和检测病毒。目前实验室诊断主要通过琼脂扩散试验、酶联免疫吸附试验、限制酶分析、聚合酶链式反应、实时荧光定量PCR、高分辨率的融化曲线分析等进行检测。疾病预防主要通过灭活疫苗的接种，而减毒活疫苗和亚单位疫苗也相继被开发。对FAdV-4的流行病学、发病特征、病毒诊断方法以及预防策略等方面进行了综述，以期为FAdV-4的深入研究奠定基础。

Abstract:

Fowl adenovirus serotype-4(FAdV-4) had erupted in China in recent years, caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry, usually showed symptoms of hydropericardium syndrome (HPS), and high mortality rate. The virus had strong infectious, could be transmitted vertically and horizontally. The virus could be isolated from infected liver homogenates and detected by several laboratory diagnostic methods (including an agar gel immunodiffusion test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, indirect immunofluorescence assays, counter immunoelectrophoresis, restriction endonuclease analyses, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, and high-resolution melting-curve analyses). Inactivated vaccines had been deployed widely to control the disease, and more attractive vaccine candidates such as attenuated live vaccines and subunit vaccines also had been developed. By reviewing epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis methods, and vaccine strategies of FAdV-4, hope to lay the foundation for further research and clinical prevention of FAdV-4.