三种牛羊流产相关疫病在海西州的流行现状及分析

The analysis and epidemic conditions of three abortion related diseases of Cattle and Sheep in Haixi City

关键词:  布鲁氏菌病  衣原体病  弓形虫病  共感染.

Key words:  brucellosis  chlamydiosis  toxoplasmosisv  co-infection

摘要:

近年来，随着海西地区畜牧业的发展，牛羊流产现象也伴随多发，给牧民带来极大的经济损失。为调查布鲁氏菌病、衣原体病、弓形虫病在青海省海西州畜群中的整体流行状况，了解海西州牛羊流产多发的主要病因。我们对海西州31个乡镇97个牧业村的空怀牛羊群随机抽样，集中采血，分离血清，共分离牛羊血清共14114份，其中羊血清12620份，牛血清1494份。分别采用凝集试验、间接血凝试验和弓形虫快速检测卡对布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫进行抗体检测与数据分析。结果表明，羊布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫的抗体阳性率分别为0.056%、8.7%、0.11%；牛布鲁氏菌、衣原体和弓形虫的抗体阳性率分别为4.6%（69/1494）、5.8%（74/1494）、9.9%（87/1494），其中有15头牛同时检测到上述3种病原的抗体。海西州空怀羊群中衣原体阳性率最高，可能是导致羊流产的主要病因；空怀牛群中3种病原抗体阳性率普遍较高，且存在一定程度的共感染，流产病因较为复杂。

Abstract:

Recently, many herds of cattle and sheep occur abortion frequently in Haixi Distric with the development of animal husbandry, resulting in great economic loss to the local herdsmen. In order to detect the main reasons that abortion frequently occurred in cattle and sheep in Haixi City, we investigate the prevalence of brucellosis, chlamydiosis, toxoplasmosis in Haixi City, Qinghai Province. We have carried out a random sampling on herds of empty cattle and sheep, and collected 14114 serum samples, including 12620 sheep serum and 1494 cattle serum, covering about 97 villages in 31 towns of Haixi City. All these samples had been detected by serum agglutination test (SAT), indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) and toxoplasmosis quick detection strip separately. The results showed that the antibody positive rate of brucellosis, chlamydiosis and toxoplasmosis in sheep respectively is 0.056%, 8.7% and 0.11%; and the antibody positive rate of these diseases in cattle is 4.6%,5.8% and 9.9% respectively.Meanwhile,15 cattle were detected positive for all these diseases. We suspect that the Chlamydia is the main antigen causing abortion of the empty sheep in Haixi City, for the positive rate of chlamydiosis in sheep is the highest. Nevertheless, the antibody positive rates of these diseases are all high in empty cattle and the co-infection is also existing to some extent, so the abortion of cattle is due to many intricate reasons.