魏氏梭菌α毒素分子生物学研究进展

The Development of Molecular Biology for Clostridium welchii Alpha-Toxin

关键词:  魏氏梭菌  α毒素  磷脂酶C

Key words:  ：Clostridium welchii  alpha-toxin  phospholipase C

摘要:

魏氏梭菌是引起各种坏死性肠炎、肠毒血症,同时也是引起创伤性气性坏疽以及人类食物中毒的主要病原菌之一,其致病因子是该菌产生的外毒素。根据主要致病的毒素α、β、ε和ι,将该菌分为A、B、C、D、E 5个毒素型。各型魏氏梭菌均产生α毒素,它是魏氏梭菌最主要的毒力因子。α毒素是依赖锌离子的磷脂酶C,具有细胞毒性、溶血活性、致死性、皮肤坏死性、血小板聚集和增加血管渗透性等特性。

Abstract:

Clostridium welchii is one of the main pathogens which can cause various forms of necrotic enteritis, enterotoxaemia, traumatic gas gangrene and human food poisoning. The causative agent of Clostridium welchii is the extracellular toxins. Clostridium welchii strains are classified into five types (A, B, C, D and E) based on the production of the four major extracellular toxins (α, β, ε, ι). Alpha toxin is the most important virulence factor produced by all types of Clostridium welchii. Alpha toxin is a zinc-containing phospholipase C which possesses cytotoxicity, hemolysis, lethality, dermonecrosis, platelet aggregation and increasing permeability.