奶牛乳房炎致病菌耐药性及兽用中药治疗研究进展

Research Progress on Bovine Mastitis Pathogen Drug Resistance and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Therapy

关键词:  奶牛乳腺炎  致病菌  耐药性  兽用中药

Key words:  bovine mastitis  pathogenic bacteria  drug resistance  traditional Chinese veterinary

摘要:

奶牛乳房炎对全球奶牛养殖业造成了严重的经济损失。随着耐药菌的广泛出现，显著降低了传统抗生素治疗奶牛乳房炎的有效性，中药作为“减抗替抗”的重要抓手，有望为治疗奶牛乳房炎提供新的解决方案。基于上述背景，本文阐述了近五年国内引起奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的分离情况及耐药性现状，对国内批准用于治疗奶牛乳房炎的兽用中药或中药提取物进行整理汇总，重点选取并介绍了白头翁和连翘及其提取物在奶牛乳房炎治疗方面的研究进展及作用机制，探讨了兽用中药发展方向及面临的挑战，为兽用中药治疗奶牛乳房炎提供参考。

Abstract:

Mastitis in dairy cattle has resulted in significant financial losses for the global dairy farming business. Due to the widespread rise of drug-resistant bacterial strains, the efficacy of conventional antibiotic therapies for bovine mastitis has been markedly diminished. As a pivotal strategy for "antibiotic reduction and replacement", traditional Chinese medicine is anticipated to offer novel therapeutic solutions for bovine mastitis. In light of this context, this article delineates the isolation patterns and antimicrobial resistance profiles of primary pathogenic bacteria responsible for bovine mastitis in China over the past five years. It systematically reviews and categorizes veterinary traditional Chinese medicines and extracts authorized for bovine mastitis treatment in China, with particular emphasis on the research advancements and mechanistic insights of Pulsatilla chinensis and Forsythia suspensa and their extracts in bovine mastitis management. Furthermore, it examines the developmental trajectory and challenges of veterinary traditional Chinese medicine, thereby providing valuable references for the application of traditional Chinese medicine in bovine mastitis treatment.