新型止吐药枸橼酸马罗匹坦在宠物药领域的应用

Application of Maropitant Citrate as a New Antiemetic Drug in Pet Medicine

关键词:  枸橼酸马罗匹坦  止吐药  宠物药

Key words:  maropitant citrate  antiemetic drug  pet medicine

摘要:

枸橼酸马罗匹坦作为神经激肽(NK1)受体拮抗剂，通过抑制引起呕吐的关键性神经递质P物质发挥作用，具有吸收快、生物利用率高和药效持久的特点。2007年美国FDA和欧洲药品管理局EMA批准枸橼酸马罗匹坦片作为预防和治疗犬晕动病和急性呕吐的药物上市，这是枸橼酸马罗匹坦首次应用于宠物药领域。2014年农业部公告第2404号批准法瑞瓦公司法国生产厂的枸橼酸马罗匹坦注射液和片剂作为止吐药在我国注册，枸橼酸马罗匹坦首次进入我国宠物药市场。本文就枸橼酸马罗匹坦的作用机理及药代动力学特性、治疗宠物呕吐的临床应用、合成方法、兽用剂型在国内外的应用及开发前景进行综述，以促进该药在国内的研发与应用。

Abstract:

As a neurokinin (NK1) receptor antagonist, Maropitant citrate exerts its effect by inhibiting substance P, a key neurotransmitter that causes vomiting. It has the characteristics of rapid absorption, high bioavailability and long-lasting efficacy.In 2007, the US FDA and European Medicines Agency approved Maropitant citrate tablets as a drug for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness and acute vomiting in dogs， which was the first time Maropitant citrate was used in the field of pet medicine. In 2014, Announcement No. 2404 of the Ministry of Agriculture approved the maropitant citrate injection and tablets produced by Virbac (France) to be registered in China as anti - emetic drugs, and maropitant citrate entered the pet drug market in China for the first time.This article reviews the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic characteristics of maropitant citrate, its clinical application in treating pet vomiting, synthetic methods, and the application and development prospects of veterinary dosage forms at home and abroad, so as to promote the research, development and application of this drug in China.